EARLY MODERN BRITISH HISTORY
Reading list

 

Johann Sommerville  January 2003

jsommerv@facstaff.wisc.edu

 

GENERAL

 

I.  Printed material

A) Set texts: None.
Amongst good series of textbooks is the Longman series, including A. G. R. Smith, The Emergence of a Nation State; it covers 1529-1660.
There are many other good introductions. The Oxford History of England is solid but a bit antiquated; it is being replaced by The New Oxford History of England, of which the volumes on 1547-1603 (by Penry Williams), 1689-1717 (by Julian Hoppit), and 1727-83 (by Paul Langford) have appeared.
Jonathan Scott looks at seventeenth-century England in a broader context in England's Troubles: Seventeenth-Century English Political Instability in European Context.

 

B) Bibliographies:

There are three large, aging bibliographies that together cover most of the course:

1) Conyers Read, Bibliography of British history: Tudor period

2) G Davies and MF Keeler, Bibliography of British history: Stuart period

3) S Pargellis and DJ Medley, Bibliography of British history: the eighteenth century

 

On the period 1603-1714 there is:

4) John Morrill, Seventeenth century Britain 1603-1714 (DA 375 M 67 - Reference Room; 2S)

 

Update these with:

5) Royal Historical Society Annual Bibliography: Z 2016 A 66 (Reference Rm, 2S). This is an extremely important and useful guide to what is published each year; it lists almost everything of importance, and is very conveniently divided up by period and topic, with a good index. You could use the 1998 CD-Rom version, available at Memorial Library Reference CD-ROM Station Rm 262., but now there is also an Online version at http://www.rhs.ac.uk/bibwel.html.

C) Collections of primary material:

1) English Historical Documents, vols 4-10. Bulky Oxford UP volumes each with about 1,000 pages or so of primary material

2) Journals of the House of Commons and House of Lords: Documents 6-13 (2MS). Crucial for parliamentary history

3) Calendars of State Papers: Documents 34 (2MS). Highly important calendars, summarizing state papers.

4) Historical Manuscript Commission Reports: Documents 33 (2MS); there is also a more complete set on microcard in the Microform Room on the fourth floor. The General Index to the Reports is DA 25 M 252 (Reference Room; 2S). These summarize important manuscripts in private collections.

 

 

D) Other reference works:

1) The Dictionary of National Biography (known as DNB): DA 28 D48 2 (Reference Room; 2S). This is a comprehensive, multi-volume work. It has recently been updated and is available to UW Madison students by clicking the link above.

2) Handbook of British chronology, ed. FM Powicke and EB Fryde. Precise, detailed chronological information on monarchs, bishops, dukes, earls, officials, parliaments etc

3) Handbook of dates for students of English history, ed. CR Cheney. Calendars for every year; saints days; popes etc.

4) RH Fritze, et al, eds., Reference sources in history: an introductory guide. Has sections on Britain.

5) RH Fritze, ed., Historical dictionary of Tudor England

6) RH Fritze and WB Robison, Historical dictionary of Stuart England

7) R O'Day, ed., The Longman companion to the Tudor age

8) John Wroughton, The Longman Companion to the Stuart Age 1603-1714

 

II Online material:

1) Early English Books Online: access this through the Library webpage, then Electronic Texts and Multimedia Collections, then Early English Books Online. This is an extremely rich collection of primary sources.

2) http://www.ihrinfo.ac.uk/ihr/Resources/index.html is a good collection of links, from the Institute of Historical Research in London.

3) http://www.constitution.org/liberlib.htm contains a large and growing collection of primary sources relating to political and constitutiional history (and material on America and elsewhere).


TOPICS: WE WILL SELECT TOPICS FROM THE FOLLOWING:

 

I: 1437-1485: THE BREAKDOWN OF GOVERNMENT

 

Add M. Hicks, Bastard Feudalism, Longman 1995

 

Suggested Reading

J.G. Bellamy, Bastard Feudalism and the Law, London, 1989

M.C. Carpenter, 'The Beauchamp Affinity: A Sudy of Bastard Feudalism at Work', English Historical Review, xcv (1980)

C. Carpenter, The Wars of the Roses : Politics and the Constitution in England, c.1437-1509, Cambridge, 1997

C. Given-Wilson, The English Nobility in the Late Middle Ages, London, 1987

M. Hicks, Bastard Feudalism, Longman, 1995

M. Hicks, 'Bastard Feudalism, Overmighty Subjects and Idols of the Multitude during the Wars of the Roses', History, 85 (2000)

R. Horrox, 'Service', in eadem (ed.), Fifteenth-Century Attitudes: Perceptions of Society in Late Medieval England, Cambridge, 1994

K.B. McFarlane, The Nobility of Later Medieval England, Oxford, 1973

K.B. McFarlane, 'Bastard Feudalism', Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, xx (1945), and in K.B. McFarlane, England in the Fifteenth Century: Collected Essays, London, 1981

P.C. Maddern, Violence and Social Order: East Anglia, 1422-1442, Oxford, 1992

A.J. Pollard, 'The Richmondshire Gentry during the Wars of the Roses', in C. Ross, ed., Patronage, Pedigree and Power in Later Medieval England, Gloucester, 1979

A.J. Pollard, The Wars of the Roses, London, 1988

 

 

Q: 'The Wars of the Roses were the result not so much of royal weakness as of "bastard feudalism"'. Discuss.

 

General Introduction:

 

1) CSL Davies Peace, print and protestantism

2) F Du Boulay An age of ambition: English society in the late middle ages

3) MH Keen England in the later middle ages

4) JR Lander Government and community: England 1450-1509

5) JAF Thomson The transformation of medieval England, 1370-1529

 

The Wars:

 

6) JB Gillingham The wars of the roses.

7) " " 'Discontent and dethronement: England and Wales 1376-1415' and 'The wars of the roses' in M Falkus and J Gillingham, eds, Historical Atlas of Great Britain.

8) RL Storey The end of the house of Lancaster

9) K B MacFarlane 'The wars of the roses' in Proceedings of the British Academy 50 (1964)

 

Some useful articles:

 

10) TB Pugh 'The magnates, knights and gentry' in SB Chrimes, ed, Fifteenth-Century England

11) KB MacFarlane 'Bastard feudalism' in Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, 20 (1945)

12) WH Dunham 'Lord Hastings' indentured retainers', in Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts & Sciences, 39 (1955)

13) C Carpenter 'The Beauchamp affinity: a study of bastard feudalism at work' in English Historical Review, 95 (1980)

14) RA Griffiths 'Local rivalries and national politics' in Speculum (1968)

15) GL Harriss 'The struggle for Calais' in English Historical Review 75 (1960)

16) RL Storey 'The North of England' in 18) below

17) RA Griffiths'The sense of dynasty in the reign of Henry VI' in CD Ross, ed, Patronage, pedigree and power

18) SB Chrimes, ed, Fifteenth Century England

 

 

 

 

The character of the king

 

19) RA Griffiths The reign of Henry VI

20) BP Wolffe Henry VI (cf also his article in 18) above)

21) CD Ross Edward IV (cf also his article in 18) above)

22) CD Ross Richard III

23) SB Chrimes Henry VII (cf also his article in 18) above)

24) R Lockyer Henry VII (Seminar Studies)

 

Also:

 

25) PA Johnson Duke Richard of York 1411-1460

26) John G Bellamy Bastard feudalism and the law

27) RA Griffiths, 'The king's court during the wars of the Roses' in RG Asch and

AM Burke ed., Princes, patronage and the nobility.

28) SB Chrimes Lancastrians, Yorkists and Henry VII

29) D Cook Lancastrians and Yorkists (brief introduction)

30) AJ Pollard, ed, The Wars of the Roses

31) C Carpenter Locality and polity: a study of Warwickshire landed society, 1401-1499

32) A Goodman The Wars of the Roses

33) MK Jones and MG Underwood, The King's mother: Lady Margaret Beaufort

34) JMW Bean, From lord to patron: lordship in late medieval England

 

 

II: 1460-1509: THE RECONSTRUCTION OF GOVERNMENT

 

(many of the items listed above under "The breakdown of government" are also relevant)

Q: 'The King's personality was central to political stability in the later fifteenth century'. Discuss.

 

An Approach

1) David Starkey 'The age of the household' in Stephen Medcalf, ed, The later middle ages

2) Sir John Fortescue The governance of England, ed, C Plummer

 

The character of the kings

3) CD Ross Edward IV (cf also Ross's article in Chrimes, ed, Fifteenth Century England)

4) CD Ross Richard III

5) SB Chrimes Henry VII

 

Administration

6) GR Elton The Tudor constitution

7) BP Wolffe The crown lands

8) " " The royal demesne in English history

9) Margaret Condon 'Ruling elites in the reign of Henry VII' in Ross, ed, Patronage, pedigree and power

10) JR Lander 'Bonds, coercion and fear' in J Rowe, ed, Florilegium Historiale

 

Politics

11) DAL Morgan 'The king's affinity in the polity of Yorkist England' Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 23 (1973)

12) M Hicks 'The changing role of the Wydevilles in Yorkist Politics to 1483' in Ross, ed, Patronage, pedigree and power

13) JR Lander Crown and Nobility

 

 

Local government

14) AJ Pollard North-eastern England during the Wars of the Roses

15) SJ Payling Political society in Lancastrian England

16) CE Moreton The Townshends and their world: gentry, law and land in Norfolk

 

 

III: HENRY VIII: POLITICAL STRUCTURES

 

 

Q: 'The politics of the reign of Henry VIII were court politics'. Discuss.

 

Generally

1) GR Elton Reform and reformation

2) EW Ives Faction in Tudor England (Historical Association pamphlet)

3) David Starkey 'The age of the household' in Stephen Medcalf, ed, The later middle ages

4) JJ Scarisbrick Henry VIII

5) David Starkey The reign of Henry VIII: personalities and

politics

6) GR Elton The Tudor revolution in government

7) C Coleman and D Starkey, eds., Revolution reassessed: revisions in the history of Tudor government and administration

7a) D MacCulloch, ed., The reign of Henry VIII. Politics, policy and piety

 

Definitions and description

8) GR Elton 'Tudor Government: the points of contact: III The Court' Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 1976

9) M Girouard Life in the English country house

10) David Starkey 'Representation through Intimacy' in Joan Lewis, ed, Symbols and sentiments

11) JA Murphy 'Popinjays or professionals: officers and ministers of the mid-Tudor household', Exeter Studies in History, 1981

 

Personalities and incidents

12) G Bernard 'The rise of Sir William Compton, early Tudor courtier' English Historical Review, 96 (1981)

13) G Bernard The power of the early Tudor nobility: a study of the fourth and fifth earls

of Shrewsbury

14) GR Elton 'Politics and the Pilgrimage of Grace' in B Malament, ed, After the Reformation (also in Elton's Studies in Tudor and Stuart politics and government, vol 3)

15) EW Ives Letters and Accounts of William Brereton of Malpas, Record society of Lancashire and Cheshire, 116 (1976)

16) " " 'Faction at the court of Henry VIII: the fall of Anne Boleyn' History 57 (1972)

17) JA Guy The public career of Sir Thomas More

18) David Starkey 'Igtham Mote: Politics and architecture in early Tudor England' Archaeologia, 107 (1981) -- summarized in History Today 30 (1980)

19) Narasingha Prosad Sil 'The rise and fall of Sir John Gates' Historical Journal 24 (1981)

 

Court and country: a suggested interpretation

20) David Starkey 'The political structure of early Tudor England' in M Falkus and J Gillingham, eds, Historical Atlas of Great Britain

21) Diane Willen John Russell, first earl of Bedford: one of the king's men

22) David Starkey 'From feud to faction: English politics c.1450- c.1550' History Today 32, (1982)

23) David Starkey 'Court, council, and nobility in Tudor England', in RG Asch and AM Burke ed., Princes, patronage and the nobility.

 

 

IV: 1500-1600: PARLIAMENT

 

 

Q: 'The idea of a "growth of opposition" in the Tudor Parliaments is grossly misconceived'. Discuss.

 

Overviews

1) JS Roskell 'Perspectives in English Parliamentary History' in E Fryde and E Miller, ed, Historical studies of the English Parliament, vol II

2) GL Harris 'Medieval doctrines in the debate on supply, 1610-1629' in K Sharpe, ed, Faction and Parliament -- and cf Fortescue

3) J Gillingham 'Parliament, taxation and the defence of the realm' in Falkus and Gillingham, Historical Atlas of Great Britain

 

Examples of pre-Tudor parliamentary vigor

4) BP Wolffe 'Acts of resumption in the Lancastrian parliaments' in Fryde and Miller, op cit

5) RL Storey 'Liveries and commissions of the peace, 1388-90' in FRH Du Boulay and Caroline Barron, ed, The reign of Richard II

 

The Tudor parliament: generally

6) GR Elton 'Tudor government: the points of contact I: Parliament' Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 24 (1974)

7) MAR Graves The Tudor Parliaments

8) MAR Graves Elizabethan Parliaments

9) JE Neale The Elizabethan House of Commons

 

Tudor Parliaments: narrative and analysis

10) GR Elton 'The Rolls of Parliament, 1449-1547' Historical Journal 22 (1979)

11) JA Guy The public career of Sir Thomas More

12) SE Lehmberg The Reformation parliament, 1529-36

13) " " The later parliaments of Henry VIII

14) GR Elton Reform and renewal, esp chapters 4-6

15) " " The Parliament of England 1559-1581

16) MAR Graves The house of lords in the parliaments of Edward VI and Mary I

17) JE Neale Elizabeth and her parliaments 2 vols

18) W Notestein 'The winning of the initiative by the house of commons' Proceedings of the British Academy 11 (1924)

 

Critiques

19) David Starkey 'History without politics' Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 28 (1977)

20) Jennifer Loach 'Conservatism and consent in parliament, 1547-1559' in J Loach and R Tittler, eds, The mid-Tudor polity

21) GR Elton 'Parliament in the sixteenth century: functions and fortunes' Historical Journal 22(1979)

22) MAR Graves 'Thomas Norton the parliament man: an Elizabethan MP 1559-1581' Historical Journal 23 (1980)

and cf

23) CSR Russell 'Parliamentary history in perspective, 1604-29' History 61 (1976)

24) NL Jones 'Parliament and governance of Elizabethan England: a

review', Albion 19(1987), 327-46

25) GR Elton The Parliament of England 1559-1581

26) J Loach Parliaments under the Tudors

27) D Dean, Law-making and society in late-Elizabethan England: the parliament of England 1584-1601.

 

 

V: THE EARLY REFORMATION

 

 

'How popular was the early Reformation'?

 

Introductory

1) C Haigh 'The recent historiography of the English Reformation' Historical Journal 25(1982) -- superb summary of the whole field

2) AG Dickens The English Reformation (strongly pushing the 'from below' interpretation)

3) JJ Scarisbrick The reformation and the English people (strongly opposes Dickens' interpretation)

3a) E Duffy The stripping of the altars: traditional religion in England 1400-1580 (important, full scale attempt to vindicate the Catholic view)

4) Claire Cross Church and people

5) C Haigh (ed.) The English Reformation revised

 

Anticlericalism and the clergy

6) Simon Fish A supplication for the beggars, ed FJ Furnivall

& JW Cowper (Early English Text Society), 1871

7) A H Thompson The English parish clergy and their organisation in the later middle ages

8) P Heath The English parish clergy on the eve of the Reformation

9) M Bowker The secular clergy in the diocese of Lincoln

10) A Ogle The tragedy of Lollards' tower

 

Religion and politics

11) JJ Scarisbrick Henry VIII (especially for the role of Wolsey)

 

-heresy and politics-

12) JA Guy The public career of Sir Thomas More

13) M Bowker 'The commons' supplication against the ordinaries in the light of some archidiaconal acta' Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 21 (1971)

 

-Evangelism-

14) JF Davis 'The trials of Thomas Bilney and the English Reformation' Historical Journal, 24 (1981) (defines Evangelism)

15) Maria Dowling & Joy Shakespeare

'Religion and politics in mid-Tudor England through the eyes of an English protestant woman: the recollections of Rose Hickman' Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, 1981 (connects Evangelism with Anne Boleyn)

 

-religion and faction-

16) EW Ives 'Faction at the court of Henry VIII: the fall of Anne Boleyn' History 57 (1972)

17) " " Anne Boleyn

18) RM Warnicke 'Sexual heresy at the court of Henry VIII',

Historical Journal 30(1987)

19) P Clark English provincial society chapter 2

20) Susan Brigden 'Popular disturbance and the fall of Thomas Cromwell and the reformers, 1539-40' Historical Journal, 24 (1981)

21) Muriel St Clare Byrne The Lisle papers, vols V & VI (chapters 12-4)

 

 

The Reformation and the localities

22) GR Elton Policy and police (on the enforcement of the reformation)

23) P Clark English provincial society

24) M Bowker The Henrician Reformation: the diocese of Lincoln under John Longland, 1521-1547

25) C Haigh Reformation and resistance in Tudor Lancashire

26) D MacCullogh 'Catholic and puritan in Elizabethan Suffolk' Archiv fur Reformationsgeschichte, 72 (1981)

27) R Whiting The blind devotion of the people: popular religion and the English Reformation (this is one of the fullest  local studies)

 

The Dissolution

28) D Knowles The Religious orders in England: III The Tudor age

29) Joyce Youings The dissolution of the monasteries

 

Iconoclasm

30) J Phillips The reformation of images: the destruction of

art in England, 1535-1660

30a) M. Aston England's iconoclasts : I. Laws against images

See also 3a above

 

Catholicism

31) Christopher Haigh 'The continuity of Catholicism in the English Reformation' Past and Present, 93 (1981)

 

Also:

32) ME Aston, 'Lollardy and the Reformation: survival or revival?', History

49(1964)

33) JAF Thomson, The later Lollards 1414-1520 (revised ed.)

34) DM Loades, Revolution in religion: the English Reformation 1530-70

35) C Haigh The English Reformations

36) R Warnicke Anne Boleyn (see also Ives' review, in Hist. J).

37) P Gwyn The king's cardinal: the rise and fall of Thomas Wolsey

38) SJ Gunn and PG Lindley, Cardinal Wolsey (essays)

39) D MacCulloch Thomas Cranmer (massive biography)

40) E Shagan, Popular Politics and the English Reformation.

 

 

VI: 1500-1600 REBELLION

 

 

Q: Why did Tudor people rebel against their rulers?

 

Useful introduction

(1) A Fletcher Tudor rebellions

 

countered by

(2) David Starkey 'The string untuned: a riot at Hoddesdon, 1534' History Today 29 (1979), and cf Fortescue

 

Rebellions and interpretations

1525 (if it counts)

(3) GW Bernard, War, Taxation, and Rebellion in Early Tudor England. Henry VIII, Wolsey and the Amicable Grant of 1525.

 

 

1536

(4) ML Bush, The Pilgrimage of Grace

(5) ME James 'Obedience and dissent in Henrician England' Past and Present 48 (1970)

(6) RB Smith Land and politics in the England of Henry VIII

(7) GR Elton 'Politics and the Pilgrimage of Grace' in B Malament, ed, After the Reformation (also in his Studies vol 3)

 

1549

(8) D MacCullogh 'Kett's rebellion in context' Past and Present 84 (1979)

(9) J Cornwall 1549: the revolt of the peasantry

 

1553

(10) D Loades Two Tudor conspiracies

(11) P Clark English provincial society, chapter 3, offers a more 'religious' interpretation]

 

1569

(12) ME James 'The concept of order and the Northern Rising of 1569' Past and Present, 60 (1973)

(13) WT MacCaffrey The shaping of the Elizabethan regime

 

 

VII: 1547-1558 THE MID-TUDOR YEARS

 

 

Q: '"Continuity" is scarcely more helpful than "crisis" in characterising the years 1547-58'. Discuss.

 

Approaches

-Continuity-

 

1) Jenifer Loach &

Robert Tittler The Mid-Tudor polity

2) David Starkey Review of above in History 66 (1981)

 

-Crisis-

3) WRD Jones The mid-Tudor crisis, 1539-1563

4) GR Elton Reform and Reformation

5) Conrad Russell Crisis of parliaments pp 123-44

 

Narrative

6) ML Bush The government policy of protector Somerset

7) D Hoak The king's council in the reign of Edward VI

8) D Loades The reign of Mary Tudor

 

Special areas:

1 The economy

9) WG Hoskins The age of plunder

10) FJ Fisher 'Commercial trends and policies in sixteenth-century England' Economic History Review 10 (1940)

11) JD Gould The great debasement

 

2 Rebellion

see separate reading list

 

3 Administration and finance

12) GR Elton The Tudor revolution in government, pp 223-258

13) J Alsop 'The revenue commission of 1552' Historical Journal 22 (1979)

and see Hoak (no.7 above)

 

4 Succession

14) N Levine Tudor dynastic problems, 1460-1571

 

5 Religion

15) D Loades The Oxford martyrs

16) F Heal Of prelates and princes

17) R Podgson 'Reginald Pole and the priorities of government in Mary Tudor's church' Historical Journal, 18(1975)

 

Also:

David Loades The reign of Mary Tudor: politics, government and religion in

England 1553-58

 

 

VIII: 1558-1603 ELIZABETHAN GOVERNMENT

 

 

Q: What were the strengths and weaknesses of Elizabethan government?

 

The Queen

(1) JE Neale Queen Elizabeth I

(2) C Haigh Elizabeth I

 

Court and Government

(3) S Adams 'Politics, faction and clientage in late Tudor England' History Today 32 (1982)

(4) AGR Smith The government of Elizabethan England

(5) W T MacCaffrey 'Place and patronage in Elizabethan politics' in Elizabethan government and society, ed. S.T.Bindoff

(6) JE Neale 'The Elizabethan age' and 'The Elizabethan political scene' in Essays in Elizabethan history

(7) P Williams The Tudor regime

(8) L Stone The crisis of the aristocracy, chapter on Office and the Court

(9) J Hurstfield The court of wards

 

Local government

(10) J Hurstfield 'County government, c.1530-c.1660' in Victoria History of the counties of England: Wiltshire, vol V

(11) A Hassell Smith County and court: Norfolk 1558-1603

(12) P Clark English provincial society: Kent

(13) D MacCullogh 'Catholic and puritan in Elizabethan Suffolk' Archiv fur Reformationsgeschichte 72 (1981)

 

Puritanism

see separate reading list

 

The problem of government

(14) W T MacCaffrey 'The crown and the new aristocracy' Past and Present 30 (1965)

(15) " " The shaping of the Elizabethan regime 1558-72

(16) " " Queen Elizabeth and the making of policy, 1572-88

 

Essays on a variety of topics

(17) C Haigh The reign of Elizabeth I

 

Also:

(18) S Adams 'Favourites and Factions at the Elizabethan Court' in RG Asch

and AM Burke ed., Princes, patronage and the nobility.

(19) NL Jones Reformation by statute

(20) W MacCaffrey, Queen Elizabeth and the Making of Policy, 1572-1588

(21) -- ---, Elizabeth I. War and politics 1588-1603

(22) -- ---, Queen Elizabeth I

 

 

IX: 1500-1650 HUMANISM, EDUCATION AND LITERACY

 

Q: What if anything was the educational revolution of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?

 

Introduction

(1) K Charlton Education in Renaissance England

(2) J Simon Education and society in Tudor England

(3) HE Mason Humanism and poetry in the early Tudor period

(3b) R.O'Day Education and society 1500-1800

 

The theory of civic humanism

(4) Aristotle The Politics, book I chapter 2

(5) R Ascham The schoolmaster

(6) B Castiglione The Courtier

(7) T Elyot The book named the governour

(8) Sir Thomas More Utopia

(9) T Starkey A dialogue between Lupset and Pole

 

Some discussions of Utopia

(10) JH Hexter Introduction to the Yale edition

(11) D Baker-Smith Thomas More and Plato's voyage

(12) B Bradshaw 'More on Utopia' Historical Journal, 24 (1981)

 

The instruments of education

-Schools and universities-

(13) L Stone 'The educational revolution in England' Past and Present 28 (1964)

(14) D Cressy 'Educational opportunity in Tudor and Stuart England' History of Education Quarterly 1(1976)

(15) MH Curtis 'The alienated intellectuals of early Stuart England' Past and Present 23 (1962)

(16) " " Oxford and Cambridge in transition

(17) Hugh Kearney Scholars and gentlemen; universities and society 1500-1700

 

-Literacy-

(18) David Cressy 'Levels of illiteracy in England, 1530-1730' Historical Journal 20 (1977)

(19) " " Literacy and the social order

(20) R Schofield 'The measurement of literacy in pre-industrial England' in J Goody, ed., Literacy in traditional societies

(20a) Jonathan Barry. 'Literacy and literature in popular culture' in Popular culture in England, c.1500-1800, Edited by Tim Harris, pp.69-94

 

The results

(21) David Starkey 'The age of the household' in S Medcalf, ed, The later middle ages

(22) JA Guy The public career of Sir Thomas More

(23) M Dewar Sir Thomas Smith: a Tudor intellectual in office

(24) C Read Mr Secretary Cecil and Queen Elizabeth, chapters 1-4

(25) JE Neale The Elizabethan house of commons, chapter 15

(26) JK McConica English humanists and Reformation politics

(27) David Starkey 'The court: Castiglione's ideal and Tudor reality' Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, 45 (1982)

 

and for some long-term echoes

(28) B Worden 'Classical republicanism and the puritan revolution' in History and Imagination, ed. H Lloyd Jones, etc

 

Social mobility

(29) L Stone and A Everitt, 'Social mobility in England' Past and Present 33 (1966)

 

X: 1558-1603 ELIZABETHAN PURITANISM

 

Q: What were the aims and achievements of the Elizabethan puritans?

 

Generally and definition

(1) B Hall 'Puritanism: the definitional problem' Studies in Church History, 2 (1966)

(2) R O'Day and Felicity Heal, Church and society in England: Henry VIII to James I

(3) " " Continuity and change

(4) W Haller The rise of puritanism

(5) C Hill Society and puritanism in pre-revolutionary England

(5a) C Durston and J Eales, The culture of early modern puritanism, 1560-1700

 

Puritanism, politics and parliament

(6) P Collinson 'Sir Nicholas Bacon and the Elizabethan "via media"' Historical Journal 23 (1980) raises fundamental questions about the theological knowledge of Elizabeth's most important ministers

(7) C Cross The royal supremacy in the Elizabethan church

(8) WT MacCaffrey The shaping of the Elizabethan regime

(9) JE Neale Elizabeth I and her parliaments (but see the critiques on the parliamentary reading list)

(10) P Collinson 'John Field and Elizabethan puritanism, in ST Bindoff, etc, eds, Elizabethan government and society

(11) " " The Elizabethan puritan movement

(12) H Porter Reformation and reaction in Tudor Cambridge

(13) C Cross The puritan earl

(14) WT MacCaffrey 'The crown and the new aristocracy' Past and Present, 30 (1965)

 

Puritanism and episcopacy

(15) P Collinson 'Episcopacy and reform in England in the later sixteenth century' Studies in Church History,

3 ( 1967)

(16) " " Archbishop Grindal

(17) F Heal Of prelates and princes

(18) P Lake 'Matthew Hutton: a puritan bishop' History, 64, (1979)

(19) " " Moderate puritans and the Elizabethan Church

 

 

Puritanism and the localities

(20) P Clark English provincial society

(21) C Haigh Reformation and reaction in Tudor Lancashire

(22) RC Richardson Puritanism in north-west England

(23) WJ Shields Puritans in the diocese of Peterborough, 1558-1620

 

Puritans and Catholics

(24) P McGrath Papists and puritans

(25) P Collinson 'Cranbrook and the Fletchers: popular and unpopular religion in the Kentish weald' in PN Brooks, ed, Reformation in principle and practice: essays in honour of AG Dickens

 

Also:

(26) P Collinson Godly people: essays on English protestantism and puritanism

(27) P Collinson The birthpangs of protestant England

(28) John Bossy The English Catholic community

(29) D MacCulloch The later Reformation in England 1547-1603

(30) Peter Iver Kaufman, 'Prophesying again', Church History 68 (1999), pp.337-58

 

XI: ECONOMIC HISTORY: AGRICULTURE AND POPULATION

 

 

Q: 'How revolutionary were the agricultural changes of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?'

 

Introductions

(1) DC Coleman The economy of England 1450-1700

(2) CGA Clay Economic expansion and social change: England 1500-1700, 2 vols

(3) JD Chambers Population, economy, and society in pre-industrial England

 

Agriculture

(4) J Thirsk The Agrarian history of England and Wales, vol.4

(5) E Kerridge Agrarian problems in the sixteenth century

(6) RH Tawney The Agrarian problem in the sixteenth century

(7) EM Leonard The inclosure of common fields in the seventeenth century

(8) I Blanchard Population change, enclosure, and early Tudor economy

(9) J Thirsk English peasant farming

(10) WG Hoskins The midland peasant

(11) WE Minchinton, ed., Essays in agrarian history

(12) EL Jones 'Agricultural origins of industry', Past & Present 1968

 

Population and prices

(13) EA Wrigley and RS Schofield, The population history of England (the fundamental study)

(14) AB Appleby 'Disease or famine? Mortality in Cumberland and Westmorland, 1580-1640', Economic History Review 1973

(15) " " Famine in Tudor and Stuart England

(16) WH Beveridge et al., Prices and wages in England from the twelfth to the nineteenth century, vol.1, 1939

(17) CJ Harrison 'Grain price analysis and harvest qualities, 1465-1634', Agricultural History Review 1971

(18) WG Hoskins 'Harvest fluctuations and English economic history', Agricultural History Review 1964 and 1968

(19) EH Phelps-Brown and SV Hopkins, 'Seven centuries of the prices of consumables compared with builders' wage-rates', Economica 1955 (standard tables of prices and wages; reprinted in EM Carus-Wilson, ed., Essays in Economic History)

(20) WE Minchinton, ed., Wage regulation in pre-industrial England

 

 

XII: SOCIAL CHANGE IN EARLY MODERN ENGLAND

 

 

Q: How severe were the strains placed upon English society by the economic and demographic changes of the early modern period, and how did society cope with those strains?

(NB many of the items in the lists on Agriculture and Population, on the Family, Sex and Marriage are also relevant, and on Education and Literacy)

 

Introductions

(1) K Wrightson English Society 1580-1680

(2) JA Sharpe Social History of England 1450-1750

(3) P Laslett The world we have lost

(4) " " The world we have lost further explored

 

Poverty and vagrancy

(5) JF Pound Poverty and vagrancy in Tudor and Stuart England

(6) AL Beier The problem of the poor in Tudor and Stuart England

(7) EM Leonard The early history of English poor relief

 

 

Local life

(8) K Wrightson and D Levine Poverty and piety in an English village: Terling 1525-1700

(9) M Spufford Contrasting communities: English villagers in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries

 

Crime

(10) JA Sharpe Crime in early modern England

(11) C Herrup The common peace

(12) D Hay 'Property, authority, and the criminal law', in D Hay et al., ed., Albion's fatal tree: crime and society in eighteenth century England

 

Order and disorder

(13) A Fletcher and J Stevenson, eds., Order and disorder in early modern England (an important collection)

(14) J Brewer and J Styles, eds., An ungovernable people: the English and their law in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries

(15) B Sharp In contempt of all authority: rural artisans and riot in the West of England, 1586-1660

(16) P Clark 'Popular protest and disturbance in Kent, 1558-1640', Economic History Review 1976

(17) CSL Davies 'Peasant revolts in France and England: a comparison', Agricultural History Review 1973

 

Other important studies

(18) P Clark The English ale-house: a social history 1200-1830

(19) A Macfarlane The origins of English individualism

 

Also:

(20) David Levine and Keith Wrightson, The making of an industrial society: Whickham 1560-1765

(21) JS Cockburn, ed, Crime in England 1550-1800

(22) P Griffiths, A Fox, and S Hindle, The experience of authority in early modern England

(23) A.L.Beier, 'Poverty and progress in early modern England', pp.201-39, in Beier, Cannadine & Rosenheim (ed.s) The first modern society

(24) Steven Hindle (1996). 'Exclusion crises: Poverty, migration and parochial responsibility in English rural communities, c.1560-1660', Rural History 7, 125-49.

(25) Marjorie K. McIntosh, (1998). 'Local responses to the poor in late medieval and Tudor England', Continuity and Change 13, 209-45

(26) J. Barry & C. Brooks (ed.s) The Middling sort of people

 

 

 

 

XIII: THE FAMILY, SEX AND MARRIAGE IN EARLY MODERN ENGLAND

 

 

Q: What were the main changes which took place in family structure and in attitudes towards the family in early modern England?

 

(NB many of the items in the lists on Agriculture and Social Change are also relevant)
   
The family: general  
R Houlbrooke English family life
L Pollock A lasting relationship: parents and children over three centuries
L Stone The family, sex and marriage in England 1500-1800
A Macfarlane Marriage and love in England: modes of reproduction 1300-1840
" " Review of (1) in History and theory 18(1979)
S Ozment When fathers ruled: family life in Reformation Europe
C Durston The Family in the English Revolution
   
Specific topics  
P Laslett Family life and illicit love in earlier generations
"" and R Wall Household and family in past time
M Ingram 'The reform of popular culture? Sex and marriage in early modern England', in B Reay,

ed., Popular culture in early modern England

  Church courts, sex and marriage in England 1570-1640
" "
GR Quaife Wanton wenches and wayward wives: peasants and illicit sex in early seventeenth

century England

   
JA Sharpe Defamation and sexual slander in early modern England: the church courts at York
K Thomas 'The double standard', Journal of the History of Ideas 20(1959)
RB Schnucker 'Elizabethan birth control', Journal of Interdisciplinary History 4(1975)
EA Wrigley 'Family limitation in pre-industrial England', Economic History Review 19(1966)
K Wrightson 'Infanticide in earlier seventeenth century England', Local Population Studies 15(1975)
R Houlbrooke 'The making of marriage in mid-Tudor England', Journal of Family History 10(1985)
P Crawford '"The sucking child"': Adult attitudes to child care in the first year of life in

seventeenth-century England', Continuity and Change 1, (1986) 23-51

 

 
Women  
MR Sommerville Sex and subjection: attitudes to women in early modern society
M Prior, ed., Women in English Society 1500-1800
I Maclean The Renaissance notion of women
K Thomas 'Women and the Civil War sects', Past and Present 13(1958)
P Hogrefe Tudor women: commoners and queens
P Rushton 'Women, witchcraft and slander', Northern History 18(1982)
J Nadelhaft 'The Englishwoman's sexual civil war', Journal of the History of Ideas 1982
P Mack 'Women as prophets during the English Civil War', Feminist Studies 8(1982)
JK Kinnaird 'Mary Astell and the conservative contribution to English feminism', Journal of British Studies 19(1979)
V Fildes ed., Women as mothers in pre-industrial England
   
  Some of the best known writings by women
M Fell Women's speaking justified 1666 (defence of women's speaking at Quaker meetings; also

other works in defence of Quakers and religious tolerance)

M Astell Reflections upon marriage 1700 (also works in defence of conservative Anglicanism

and religious intolerance)

D Osborne Letters from Dorothy Osborne to Sir William Temple (on love, marriage and other topics;
1650s)  
B Harley Letters of the Lady Brilliana Harley, Camden Society 1854 (on politics, religion, family life etc;
1630s-40s)  
A Goreau, ed., The whole duty of a woman: female writers in seventeenth-century England (anthology).

 

 

 

XIV: 1603-1629 PARLIAMENT AND REVISIONISM

 

Q: 'A battleground for court factions': is this an adequate description of Parliament 1603-29?

 

Parliament:

(1) JP Kenyon The Stuart constitution (documents and commentary)

(2) W Notestein 'The winning of the initiative by the house of commons' Proceedings of the British

Academy 11 (1924)

 

'Revisionism'

(3) K Sharp, ed Faction and parliament

(4) CSR Russell 'Parliamentary history in perspective, 1604-1629' History 61 (1976)

(5) " " Parliaments and English politics

 

Critiques

(6) JH Hexter 'Power struggle, parliament and liberty in early Stuart England' Journal of Modern History

50 (1978)

(7) C Hill 'Parliament and people in seventeenth-century England' Past and Present 92 (1981)

(8) TK Rabb & D Hirst 'Revisionism revised' Past and Present 92 (1981)

(9) R Cust and A Hughes (eds) Conflict in early Stuart England (the best recent collection of essays)

 

Ideas

(10) JP Sommerville Politics and ideology in England 1603-1640; new ed.: Royalists and Patriots

(11) G Burgess The politics of the ancient constitution

(12) G Burgess Absolute monarchy and the Stuart constitution

(13) JP Sommerville "English and European political ideas in the early seventeenth century: revisionism

and the case of absolutism", Journal of British Studies 35(1996), 168-94

 

 

The constituencies and localities

(14) P Zagorin The court and the country

(15) D Hirst Representative of the people?

(16) P Clark 'Thomas Scott and the growth of urban opposition to the early Stuart regime'

Historical Journal 21 (1978)

(17) R Munden 'The defeat of Sir John Fortescue: court v. country at the hustings' English Historical

Review, 93 (1978)

(18) M Kishlansky Parliamentary selection

 

The king

(19) Jenny Wormald 'James VI & I: two kings or one?' History 68 (1978)

 

The court, court faction and parliament

(20) GV Akrigg Jacobean pageant or the court of James I

(21) R Lockyer Buckingham

(22) GE Aylmer The king's servants

(23) LL Peck 'The earl of Northampton, merchant grievances and the Addled Parliament of 1614'

Historical Journal 24 (1981)

(24) K Sharpe 'Faction at the early Stuart court' History Today 33 (1983)

 

Two major incidents

(25) JA Guy 'The origins of the Petition of Right reconsidered' Historical Journal, 25 (1982); but now see Kishlansky's demolition in Histroical Journal

(26) R Cust The forced loan and English politics 1626-8 (excellent study with implications far wider than

the title suggests)

 

 

 

XV: 1629-42 FROM 'THOROUGH' TO THE LONG PARLIAMENT

 

Q: Why did civil war break out in England in 1642?

 

(NB many of the items on the 1603-29 list are relevant)

 

Introductory

(1) R Ashton The English civil war

(2) AJ Fletcher The outbreak of the English civil war

(3) B Manning Politics, religion and the English civil war

(4) L Stone The causes of the English Revolution 1529-1642

(5) C Russell The causes of the English Civil War

(revisionist; contrast with Stone)

(6) R Zaller 'What does the English Revolution mean?',

Albion 18(1986), 617-35

 

The centre and the localities

(7) GE Aylmer The king's servants

(8) CV Wedgwood The king's peace

(9) John Harris, S Orgel & R Strong The king's arcadia: Inigo Jones and the Stuart court

(10) CV Wedgwood Strafford: a revaluation

(11) C Hill The economic problems of the church -- for Laudianism see also Tyacke in Russell, Origins

of the English civil war

(12) TG Barnes Somerset 1625-40

(13) JS Morrill The revolt of the provinces

(14) A Fletcher A county community at peace and war: Sussex 1600-60

(15) P Zagorin Court and Country

(16) AM Everitt The community of Kent and the Great Rebellion

(17) C Holmes 'The county community in Stuart historiography', in Journal of British 19(1980)

 

Parliamentary politics

(18) JH Hexter The reign of King Pym

(19) B Wormald Clarendon

 

London

(20) V Pearl London and the outbreak of the puritan revolution

(21) R Ashton The city and the court, 1603-43

 

Scotland and Ireland

(22) D Stevenson The Scottish revolution

(23) T Ranger 'Strafford in Ireland: a revaluation' Past and Present 19 (1961); reprinted in T Aston, ed, Crisis in Europe

 

Religion

(24) N Tyacke 'Puritanism, Arminianism and counter-revolution' in (29) below

(25) P White, 'The rise of Arminianism reconsidered', in Past & Present 101(1983)

(26) J Morrill 'The religious context of the English Civil War', in Transactions of the Royal Historical Society

1984

(27) C Hill Economic problems of the church

 

The judiciary

(28) WJ Jones Politics and the bench

 

Collections of essays

(29) C Russell, ed., The origins of the English Civil War

(30) H Tomlinson, ed., Before the English Civil War

(31) P Taylor, ed., The origins of the English civil war: conspiracy, crusade or class conflict

and a collection with some material on a fashionable aspect of the topic:

(32) B Bradshaw and J Morrill, eds, The British problem c1534-1707: state formation in the Atlantic archipelago

 

A recent socio-economic approach

(32) D Underdown Revel, riot and rebellion: popular politics and culture in England 1603-1660

 

Also:

(33) Conrad Russell, The causes of the English Civil War

(34) N Tyacke, Anti-Calvinistst: the rise of English Arminianism

(35) A Hughes, The causes of the English Civil War (good brief guide)

(36) K Sharpe, The personal rule of Charles I (large)

(37) M Kishlansky, Parliamentary selection

(38) D Underdown, Fire from heaven (detailed local study)

 

 

XVI: 1642-49 THE ARMY AND RADICALISM

 

 

Q: 'The rise of the New Model Army was a consequence and not a cause of the radicalisation of politics'. Discuss.

(NB many items on the list 'The Interregnum' are relevant)

 

Introduction

(1) R Ashton The English Civil War

(2) GE Aylmer Rebellion or revolution? England 1640-60

(3) JP Kenyon The Stuart constitution, 8 'The army and reform'

 

The traditional view

(4) CH Firth Cromwell's army

 

The 'revisionist' view

(5) M Kishlansky The rise of the New Model Army

" " 'The case of the army truly stated: the creation of the New Model Army' Past and Present 81 (1978)

 

The most recent view

(6) I Gentles The New Model Army

 

Radicalism

(7) FD Dow Radicalism in the English revolution

(8) B Reay and JF McGregor (eds) Radical religion and the English revolution

 

The Independents

(9) JH Hexter 'The problem of the presbyterian independents' American Historical Review, 44

(1938)

(10) G Yule The independents in the English civil war

 

The Levellers

(11) ASP Woodhouse,ed, Puritanism and liberty

(12) GE Aylmer, ed The Levellers in the English Revolution

(13) DM Wolfe, ed Leveller manifestoes

(14) B Manning The English people and the English Revolution 1640-49

 

 

Politics, parliament and the army

(15) M Kishlansky 'The army and the Levellers: the roads to Putney' Historical Journal, 22 (1979)

(16) I Gentles 'Arrears of pay and ideology in the army revolt of 1647' War and Society, 1 (1975)

(17) D Underdown Pride's purge

(18) A Woolrych Soldiers and statesmen

 

 

High politics (and internecine strife amongst the revisionists)

(19) M Kishlansky 'Saye what?', Historical Journal 33(1990)

(20) JSA Adamson 'Politics and the nobility in Civil-War

England', Historical Journal 34(1991)

(21) M Kishlansky 'Saye no more', Journal of British Studies 1991

 

Essays

(22) J Morrill, ed., Reactions to the English Civil War 1642-1649

(23) C Jones, M Newitt, S Roberts (eds), Politics and people in revolutionary England

 

 

 

XVII: 1649-1660 THE INTERREGNUM

 

Q: Why was no lasting constitutional or religious settlement introduced in England in the years 1649-60?

(NB many items on the list 'The Army and radicalism' are also relevant)

 

Introduction

(1) B Coward The Stuart age

(2) I Roots The Great Rebellion 1642-60

(3) R Parry, ed The English civil war and after

(4) A Woolrych England without a King

(5) T Barnard The English republic

 

Government: introductory

(6) JP Kenyon The Stuart constitution, chapter 9 'The Interregnum'

1. The Protector

(7) C Hill God's Englishman

(8) " " Oliver Cromwell (Historical Association pamphlet)

(9) CH Firth Oliver Cromwell and the rule of the puritans in England

(10) WC Abbott The writings and speeches of Oliver Cromwell, 4 vols (fundamental primary source)

 

2. Politics, representative assemblies, legislation and finance

(11) HR Trevor-Roper 'Oliver Cromwell and his parliaments' in his Religion, the Reformation and Social Change

(12) I Roots 'Cromwell's Ordinances: the early legislation of the Protectorate' in GE Aylmer, ed, The Interregnum

(13) M Ashley Financial and commercial policy under the Cromwellian protectorate

(14) RJ Habbakuk 'Public finance during the Interregnum' Economic History Review, 15 (1962)

(15) JT Rutt, ed., The diary of Thomas Burton, 4 vols (outstanding primary source)

(16) B Worden The Rump parliament

(17) A Woolrych Commonwealth to Protectorate

 

3. Bureaucracy and 'court'

(18) GE Aylmer The state's servants

(19) R Sherwood The court of Oliver Cromwell

 

4. Foreign policy

(20) C Wilson Profit and power

(21) M Roberts 'Cromwell and the Baltic' in his Essays in Swedish History

 

5. Local government and the county community school

(22) A Everitt The local community and the Great Rebellion (Historical Association pamphlet)

(23) A Fletcher A county community at peace and war: 1600-60

(24) JS Morrill Cheshire, 1630-60

-opposed by

(25) C Holmes 'The county community in Stuart historiography' Journal of British Studies 19 (1980)

(26) " " Seventeenth-century Lincolnshire -- and cf the useful review by A Fletcher in Historical Journal 25 (1982)

(27) A Hughes Politics, society and civil war in Warwickshire 1620-1660 (excellent local study)

 

Religion (see also items on list 'The Army and radicalism' list)

(28) C Hill The world turned upside down

(29) K Thomas 'The puritans and adultery' in K Thomas, ed, Puritans and revolutionaries

(30) C Williams 'The anatomy of a radical gentleman: Henry Marten' in Thomas, Puritans and revolutionaries

 

 

Political Opposition

(31) D Underdown Royalist conspiracy in England, 1649-60

 

Reform in law and science

(32) D Veall The popular movement for law reform

(33) C Webster The great instauration: science, medicine and reform, 1626-60

- but cf

(34) John Morgan 'Puritanism and science: a reinterpretation' Historical Journal 22 (1979)

 

Essays

(35) J Morrill, ed., Oliver Cromwell and the English Revolution

(36) I Roots, ed., Cromwell, a profile

(37) G Aylmer, ed., The interregnum

 

Also:

(38) B Coward, Oliver Cromwell

 

 

XVIII: 1660-88: RESTORATION, EXCLUSION CRISIS, AND GLORIOUS REVOLUTION

 

 

Why did exclusion fail while the Glorious Revolution succeeded?

 

General:

(1) J Miller, The Glorious Revolution (Seminar Studies)

(2) J Miller, James II: a study in kingship

(3) J.R.Jones, ed., The Restored monarchy 1660-88 (Problems in Focus)

(4) J.R Jones, Country and Court: England 1658-1714

(5) KHD Haley, Politics in the reign of Charles II (Historical Assoc studies)

(6) D Ogg, England in the reign of Charles II

(7) D Ogg, England in the reigns of James II and William III

(7b) LKJ Glassey. ed., The reigns of Charles II and James VII and II

 

The Restoration:

(8) R Hutton, The Restoration

(9) JP Kenyon, The Stuart Constitution, ch.10 (chs 11-13 go up to 1688)

 

 

The Exclusion Crisis:

(10) JP Kenyon, The Popish Plot

(11) JR Jones, The first Whigs

(12) E.S. De Beer, 'The House of Lords in the Parliament of 1680', Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research 20(1943-5)

(13) D.Allen, 'Political clubs in Restoration London', Historical Journal 19(1976)

(14) KHD Haley, The first Earl of Shaftesbury

 

 

The Glorious Revolution

(15) WA Speck Reluctant revolutionaries

(16) JR Jones, The Revolution of 1688 in England

(17) JR Western, Monarchy and Revolution

(18) W.L. Sachse, 'The mob and the Revolution of 1688' in Journal of British Studies 4(1964)

(19) H. Horwitz, 'Parliament and the Glorious Revolution', in Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research 47(1974)

 

 

Some major themes:

(20) J Miller, Popery and politics in England, 1660-88

(21) C D Chandaman, The English public revenue, 1660-88

(22) J Childs, The army, James II and the Glorious Revolution

 

Also:

(23) R Hutton, Charles II

(24) S Prall, The bloodless revolution

(25) JP Kenyon, Revolution principles

(26) R Ashcraft, Revolutionary principles and John Locke's "Two treatises of government"

(27) SS Webb, Lord Churchill's Coup. The Anglo-American Empire and the Glorious Revolution Reconsidered.

(28) J Scott, Algernon Sidney and the Restoration Crisis

 

 

XIX: WILLIAM III AND ANNE: 1689-1714

 

 

Q: Were politics under William and Anne dominated by principle, party, or personality?

 

General accounts

(1) D Ogg, England in the reigns of James II and William III. (Solid).

(2) GM Trevelyan, England under Queen Anne (classic old account)

(3) S Baxter, William III and the defence of European liberty

 

Analysis of the political system and parties

(4) R Walcott, English politics in the early eighteenth century (famous attempt at "namierization")

(5) G Holmes, English politics in the age of Anne (standard account)

(6) W Speck, Tory and Whig

(7) JH Plumb, The growth of political stability (famous short book)

(8) BW Hill, The rise of parliamentary parties 1689-1742

(9) H Horwitz, "Parties, connections, and parliamentary politics 1689-1714", Journal of British Studies 6(1966)

 

 

Discussions of some important figures

(10) HT Dickinson, Bolingbroke

(11) A MacInnes, Robert Harley, Tory politician

(12) WL Sachse, Lord Somers

(13) H Horwitz, Revolutionary politics (on the Earl of Nottingham)

(14) S Biddle, Bolingbroke and Harley

 

 

Ideas and propaganda

(15) JP Kenyon, Revolutionary principles

(16) JO Richards, Party propaganda under Queen Anne

(17) JA Downie, Robert Harley and the press

(18) G Straka, "The final phase of divine right theory in England, 1688-1702", English Historical Review 77(1962)

(19) HT Dickinson, Liberty and property

 

 

Some important incidents and themes

(20) G Holmes, The trial of Doctor Sacheverell

(21) G Holmes, "The Sacheverell riots: the crowd and the church in early eighteenth century London", Past and Present 72(1976)

(22) GV Bennett, "Robert Harley, the Godolphin ministry, and the bishoprics crisis of 1707", English Historical Review 82(1967)

(23) E Cruickshanks, "The Tories and the succession to the throne in the 1714 parliament", Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research 46(1973)

(24) G Holmes, ed, Britain after the Glorious Revolution 1689-1714 (good collection of essays)

(25) C Jones, ed., Britain in the first age of party 1680-1750 (another good collection of essays)

 

Jacobitism

(26) PK Monod, Jacobitism and the English people 1688-1788

(27) B Lenman, The Jacobite risings in Britain 1689-1746

 

A provocative attempt to reinterpret the whole period (and more)

(27) JCD Clark, English society 1688-1832

XX: THE AGE OF WALPOLE

 

Q: Was England under Walpole an aristocratic one-party state in which ideals, religion, and principles were subordinated to self-interest (or abandoned altogether), and bribery and corruption ruled?

 

General

(1) P Langford, A polite and commercial people: England 1727-1783

(2) JB Owen, The eighteenth century, 1714-1815

 

Walpole

(3) JH Plumb, Walpole: the king's minister, 2 vols

(4) HT Dickinson, Walpole and the Whig supremacy

(5) P Langford, The excise crisis: society and politics in the age of Walpole

(6) J Black, ed., Britain in the age of Walpole

(7) BW Hill, Walpole

 

 

Ideas

(8) HT Dickinson, Liberty and property

(9) JAW Gunn, Beyond liberty and property

(10) C Robbins, The eighteenth-century commonwealthmen

(11) R Browning, Political and constitutional ideas of the court Whigs

(12) I Kramnick, Bolingbroke and his circle: the politics of nostalgia in the age of Walpole

(13) B Goldgar, Walpole and the wits: the relation of politics and literature 1722-42

 

Religion and the church

(14) N Sykes, Church and state in England in the eighteenth century

(15) N Sykes, From Sheldon to Secker

(16) N Sykes, Edmund Gibson, Bishop of London

(17) J Redwood, Reason, ridicule and religion: the age of Enlightenment in England 1660-1750

(18) MR Watts, The dissenters, vol. 1: from the Reformation to the French Revolution

 

 

Parliament, politics and the constitution

(19) EN Williams ed., The eighteenth century constitution (documents with commentary)

(20) L Colley, In defiance of oligarchy: the Tory party 1714-60

(21) AS Foord, His majesty's opposition 1714-1832

(22) R Sedgwick, The history of parliament: the House of Commons 1715-54, 2 vols (very detailed)

(23) C Jones, ed., Britain in the first age of party 1680-1750 (collection of essays)

(24) JA Phillips, Electoral behaviour in unreformed England (on elections and corruption)

(25) C Jones and L Jones, eds, Peers, politics, and power: the House of Lords 1603-1911

 

 

Finance

(26) PGM Dickson, The financial revolution in England: a study in the development of public credit, 1688-1756

 

 

A different and fashionable theme:

(27) L Colley, Britons: forging the nation 1707-1837 (has much on Walpole's period and the rest of the century; about development of a British - as opposed to English, Scottish, Welsh - national identity);

and for background to this:

(28) B Bradshaw and J Morrill, eds, The British problem c1534-1707: state formation in the Atlantic archipelago.

 

 

XXI. THE RISE AND FALL OF THE WITCH-HUNT

Q. Why did English people begin hunting witches in the sixteenth century, and stop hunting them in the seventeenth?

 
General:  
J.A.Sharpe Instruments of darkness
B.P.Levack The witch-hunt in early modern Europe
I.Bostridge Witchcraft and its transformations
J.Barry, M.Hester, & G.Roberts (ed.s) Witchcraft in early modern Europe
S.Clark Thinking with demons
C.L.Ewen Witch hunting and witch trials
C.Larner Enemies of God
W.Notestein A History of witchcraft in England: From 1588 to 1718
H.R. Trevor-Roper The European witch-craze of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and other

essays

K.Thomas Religion and the decline of magic
Sydney Anglo (ed.) The Damned Art: Essays in the literature of witchcraft.
   
Witchcraft and women:  
A.Anderson & R.Gordon, 'Witchcraft and the status of women - the case of England', British Journal

of Sociology, 29 (June 1978), pp. 171-84

J.K.Swales & H.V.McLachlan 'Witchcraft and the status of women: a comment', British Journal of Sociology

30 (September 1979), pp. 349-58

J.A.Sharpe. 'Witchcraft and women in seventeenth-century England: some Northern

evidence' Continuity and Change (1991) 6, 179-99

Clive Holmes, 'Women: Witnesses and witches', Past & Present 140 (August 1993), pp. 45-78.
A.L.Barstow Witchcraze
J.R.Brink, A.P.Coudert & M.C.Horowitz.(ed.s) The Politics of Gender in Early Modern Europe (Volume XII Sixteenth

Century Essays & Studies)

D.Purkiss The witch in history
   
Witchcraft and science  
M.McDonald Mystical Bedlam
D.Harley 'Mental illness, magical medicine and the Devil in northern England, 1650-1700',

In The medical revolution of the seventeenth century, Edited by Roger French

and Andrew Wear pp.114-144

D.Harley Historians as demonologists: The Myth of the midwife-witch, Journal for the

Social History of Medicine (1990) 3, pp.1-26

Thomas Harmon Jobe 'The Devil in Restoration Science: The Glanvill-Webster witchcraft debate',

Isis, (1981) 72, 343-56

C.Webster From Paracelsus to Newton: Magic and the making of modern science

(especially Chapter 4).

   
Witchcraft and society  
A.D.J.Macfarlane Witchcraft in Tudor and Stuart England
Adrian Pollock. 'Social and economic characteristics of witchcraft accusations in sixteenth-

and seventeenth-century Kent', Archaeologia Cantiana (1979) XCV, 37-48

Peter Rushton. 'Women, witchcraft, and slander in Early Modern England: Cases from the

Church Courts of Durham, 1560-1675', Northern History (1979) XVIII, 116-132

J.T.Swain. 'The Lancashire witch trials of 1612 and 1634 and the economics of

witchcraft', Northern History (1994) XXX, 64-85

P.Tyler. 'The Church Courts at York and witchcraft prosecutions 1567-1640',

Northern History, (1969) IV, 84-110.

C.Holmes Popular Culture? Witches, magistrates and divines in early modern England,

In S.Kaplan (ed.) Understanding Popular Culture

   
Particular incidents  
M.McDonald Witchcraft and hysteria in Elizabethan London: Edward Jorden and the Mary Glover case.
D.P.Walker Unclean spirits: Possession and exorcism
E.Fairfax Daemonologia: A discourse on witchcraft
C.L.Ewen Robert Ratcliffe, 5th Earl of Sussex: The witchcraft allegations in his family
G.B.Harrison The Trial of the Lancaster witches
Annabel Gregory. 'Witchcraft, politics and "Good Neighbourhood" in early seventeenth-century Rye', Past and Present (1991) 133, 31-66
R.Deacon Matthew Hopkins: Witch finder general
J.Westaway & R.D.Harrison ''The Surey Demoniack': Defining Protestantism in 1690s Lancashire', In Studies in Church History (1996) 32, pp.263-82
P.J.Guskin The context of English witchcraft, In Eighteenth Century Studies (1981-2) 15, 48-71

 

 

XXII: POPULAR CULTURE

 

Q. Should early-modern English culture be characterised as deeply fractured along the lines of power and wealth?
   
General:  
P.Burke Popular culture in early modern Europe
T.Harris Popular culture in England c. 1500-1800
C.Hill The world turned upside down
R.Hutton Merry England
B.Reay Popular cultures in England 1550-1750
K.Sharpe & P.Lake (ed.s) Culture and politics in early Stuart England
   
Religion:  
E.Cameron 'For reasoned faith or embattled creed', In Transactions of the Royal History

Society (1998) 6:VIII, pp.165-87

P.Collinson Elizabethan and Jacobean Puritanism as forms of popular culture, In C.Durston &

J.Eales The Culture of English puritanism

D.Cressy Bonfires and bells
Eamon Duffy. 'The godly and the multitude in Stuart England', The Seventeenth Century,

(1986) I, 31-55

J.Friedman. 'The Battle of the Frogs and Fairford's Flies: Miracles and popular journalism

during the English Revolution', Sixteenth Century Journal (1992) XXIII/3, 419-42

K. Von Greyerz Religion and society in early modern Europe
A.Walsham '"The Fatall Vesper": Providentialism and anti-popery in late Jacobean London.'

Past & Present 144 (August 1994), pp 36-87.

T.Watt Cheap print and popular piety
K.Wrightson & D.Levine Poverty and piety in an English village
   
Gender  
S.D.Amussen 'Punishment, discipline, and power: The social meanings of violence in early

modern England', Journal of British Studies 34, (1995) pp.1-34

P.Lake Feminine piety and personal potency, In The Seventeenth Century (1987) 11,

pp.143-65

B.Y.Kunze Vessells fit for the masters use, In B.Y.Kunze & D.D.Brautigam (ed.s) Court,

Country & Culture

P.Mack Visionary women: Ecstatic prophecy in seventeenth century England
L.Pollock 'Teach her to live under obedience' Continuity and Change (1989) 4, pp.231-89
M.Rowlands 'Recusant women, 1560-1640' In M.Prior (ed.) Women in English Society,

1500-1800, pp. 149-80

   
Professions  
K.Charlton. 'The professions in sixteenth-century England', University of Birmingham Historical

Journal (1969) XII, 20-41

M.Hawkins. 'Ambiguity and contradiction in 'the rise of professionalism': the English clergy,

1570-1730', In A.L.Beier, Cannadine & Rosenheim, The first modern society,

pp.241-69

R.O'Day. The English clergy: the emergence and consolidation of a profession, 1558-1642
   
Class  
J.Barry & C.Brooks (ed.s) The Middling sort
A.J.Cook The Privileged playgoers of Shakespeare's England
M.Gaskill 'The displacement of Providence: policing and prosecution in seventeenth- and

eighteenth-century England', Continuity and Change (1996) 11, 341-74

T.Harris. London crowds in the reign of Charles II
F.Heal & C.Holmes The Gentry in England and Wales, 1500-1700
J.H.Hexter The Myth of the Middle Class, In Hexter Reappraisals in History, pp.71-116
S.Hindle 'The problem of pauper marriage' In Transactions of the Royal Historial

Society (1998), 6:VIII, pp.71-89

M.Ingram Ridings, rough music, and the reform of 'popular culture', In Past & Present

(1984) 105

R.Lowe The Diary of Roger Lowe, 1660-1674
E.Russell The influx of commoners into the University of Oxford, In English Historical

Review (1977) XCII, 721-45

P.Seaver Wallington's World
P.Seaver Declining status in an aspiring age, In B.Y.Kunze & D.D.Brautigam (ed.s)

Court, Country & Culture

J.A.Sharpe Crime in early modern England (especially Chapters 6 & 7)
D.R.Woolf History, folklore and tradition in early-modern England, In Past & Present

(1988) 120, pp.26-52

L.B.Wright Middle class culture in Elizabethan England
D.Underdown Revel, riot and rebellion

 

 

XXIII: THE BRITISH PROBLEM

 

Q. From 1485 to 1707 the British margins influenced England only tangentially and occasionally. Discuss.
   
General:  
R.G.Asch (ed.) Three nations - A common history?
B.Bradshaw & J.Morrill (ed.s) The British problem, c.1534-1707
S.G.Ellis & S.Barber (ed.s) Conquest and union: Fashioning a British state
R.Hutton The Triple-crowned islands, In L.K.J.Glassey (ed.) The reigns of Charles II and James VII & II
J.G.A.Pocock Three British revolutions: 1641, 1688, 1776
J.G.A.Pocock A Plea for a new subject, In Journal of Modern History (1975) 4
C.Russell The Fall of the British monarchies, 1637-42
J.Wormald The Creation of Britain, In Transactions of the Royal Historical Society (1992) 6:2
   
Scotland  
I.B.Cowan The Scottish Covenanters 1660-1688
F.D.Dow Cromwellian Scotland
B.P.Levack The formation of the British state
B.R.Galloway The union of England and Scotland 1603-1608
B.R.Galloway & B.P.Levack (eds) The Jacobean Union
B.Lenman In R.Beddard (ed.) The Revolutions of 1688
R.Mason (ed.) Scots and Britons: Scottish political thought and the Union of 1603
T.I.Rae (ed) The Union of 1707
J.Robertson A Union for empire: Political thought and the Union of 1707
T.C.Smout Scottish trade on the eve of Union, 1660-1707
D.Stevenson The Scottish revolution 1637-44
D.Stevenson Cromwell, Scotalnd & Ireland, In J.Morrill (ed) Oliver Cromwell and the English Revolution
   
Ireland  
T.C.Barnard Cromwellian Ireland
C.Brady & R.Gillespie (eds) Natives and Newcomers: Essays on the making of Irish colonial society 1534-1641
B.Bradshaw The Irish constitutional revolution of the sixteenth century
N.P.Canny From Reformation to Restoration Ireland 1534-1660
S.Connolly Law, religion and power: The making of Protestant Ireland 1660-1760
P.Corish The Catholic community in the seventeenth and wighteenth centuries
S.G.Ellis. Tudor Ireland: Crown, community and the conflict of cultures
A.Ford The Protestant Reformation in Ireland 1590-1641
H.F.Kearney Srafford in Ireland, 1633-41
R.A.Mason 'William Cecil and the British dimension of early Elizabethan foreign policy', History (1989) LXXIV
M.Perceval-Maxwell The Outbreak of the 1641 rebellion in Ireland
   
Wales  
R.R.Davies, R.A.Griffiths et al (ed.s) Welsh society and nationhood
A.H.Dodd Studies in Stuart Wales
P.R.Roberts Wales and England after the Tudor Union, In C.Cross, D.Loades & J.J.Scarisbrick (eds) Law and Government under the Tudors
G.Williams Recovery, Reformation & Reorientation: Wales 1415-1642
P.Williams The Council in the Marches of Wales under Elizabeth I